Coping with stressful decisions: Individual differences, appraisals, and choice
نویسنده
چکیده
Reproduction partielle permise avec citation du document source, incluant la notice ©. Short sections may be quoted without explicit permission, if full credit, including © notice, is given to the source. Ce document est publié dans l'intention de rendre accessibles les résultats préliminaires de la recherche effectuée au CIRANO, afin de susciter des échanges et des suggestions. Les idées et les opinions émises sont sous l'unique responsabilité des auteurs, et ne représentent pas nécessairement les positions du CIRANO ou de ses partenaires. This paper presents preliminary research carried out at CIRANO and aims at encouraging discussion and comment. The observations and viewpoints expressed are the sole responsibility of the authors. They do not necessarily represent positions of CIRANO or its partners. Résumé / Abstract Cette étude empirique adapte le modèle de stress et coping de Lazarus et Folkman (1984) à la description de processus de décision. Elle évalue aussi le rôle de facteurs situationnels et individuels dans des processus de coping et de décision. Lors de la première phase de l'expérimentation, les participants décrivirent deux décisions stressantes auxquelles ils étaient confrontés (i.e., des décisions d'ordre romantique et scolaire) et complétèrent des échelles mesurant divers traits de personnalité et styles cognitifs, de même que des mesures d'évaluations cognitives de menace, de défi et d'auto-efficacité. Trois semaines plus tard, ces mêmes participants évaluèrent leur utilisation de diverses stratégies d'adaptation, ou méthodes de coping, pour faire face à leurs décisions décrites précédemment. Ils remplirent à nouveau les mesures d'évaluations cognitives et décrivirent les options ou alternatives considérées afin de résoudre leurs décisions. Les résultats de systèmes d'équations structurelles suggèrent que les évaluations cognitives d'auto-efficacité des individus influencent leur utilisation de diverses stratégies d'adaptation. De plus, les mesures d'affectivité positive et de peur de l'invalidité sont indirectement reliées, via ces évaluations cognitives, à l'utilisation des diverses stratégies d'adaptation. Les méthodes de coping et les évaluations cognitives d'auto-efficacité ont aussi un impact sur les caractéristiques de l'option ou alternative préférée. This study adapts Lazarus and Folkman's (1984) model of stress and coping to describe individual decision processes. This research also investigates the role of situational and person factors in coping and choice processes. In the first phase of the experiment, participants described two stressful decisions they were facing (i.e., a romantic decision and a school-related decision) and completed personality and cognitive style inventories as well as measures of threat, challenge, and self-efficacy appraisals. Three weeks …
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